Magnet Magnetization Direction: Axial, Diametric, and Multi-pole

For magnets of the same shape, a different magnetization direction means completely different pole positions and applications. If you do not specify the magnetization direction when ordering, you may receive a product that does not meet your needs. This article explains common magnetization directions and their suitable use cases.

Common magnetization directions

• Axial magnetization: The poles are on the top and bottom faces (the thickness direction); this is the most common method. Suitable for discs, cylinders, and blocks.
• Diametric magnetization: The poles are on two opposite sides around the circumference. Commonly used for cylinders and rings in applications needing a lateral field or rotary sensing.
• Multi-pole magnetization: Multiple alternating N/S pole pairs arranged on the same face. Commonly used in motors, encoders, and sensors and other applications requiring a periodic magnetic field.

Magnetization options by shape

What does magnetization direction affect?

The magnetization direction determines the direction in which the magnetic force acts, so it directly affects the holding face, the interaction with other magnets, and the signal in a motor or sensor. Changing the magnetization direction of the same magnet leaves the energy product (grade) unchanged, but "which direction the force points" is completely different—this is why, even with identical size and grade, the magnetization direction must be confirmed before production.